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7 | ü 244327
2009-04-03

ü
ܹ ?: 21C | 2011-07-19 16:37
http://blog.yes24.com/document/4804634Facebook Ʈ

[]

/ /켮
ϵ | 2011 06

    /     ϱ

ǰ ϸ, ڿ ǰǸŴ 3% ˴ϴ. (ǰ ִ ݾ 1,000) ֵ 2 ȳ

"ų ̱ ȸ 5 5000̴. 2 9700 ޷ 12 ųα׷ CO2 ȴ. ź ı ȯ濵⵵ ߰ ʿ䰡 ְڴ. Դٰ 索 庴 Ĵ ġḦ ǰ뵵 ߰ؾ Ѵ.

͵ Ǹ ݿ ݿ δؾ Ѵ. Ƶε尡 ƴ϶ ȸ ü ؾ Ѵٴ ̴. ٷ 츮 ȯ 糭 , ĺȭ , Ƿ δϰ ȴ.

ٸ ij ܹ 200޷ Ѵ. 200޷ ġ ͹Ͼ 鸱 ȸ ü ġ ϸ 4޷¥ ׺ٵ 𸥴. ȸ ü ؾ Ӹ ƴ϶ پ ݰ ޾ ì ̴. ̱ Һڴ ڽ ܹſ  ġ ִٴ ."

ڴ 200޷ ġ ܹſ 4޷ ̴ ' Ŀ' ۵ϴ ΰ ´. ΰ̴: й. ִ ̽ ' ʴ '̶ Ŀ ̷ п ȿ ڿ йϴ ֻ ؿԴ. ׷ ڴ ġʹ ϴٰ Ѵ.

ڴ  200޷¥ ܹŰ 4޷ ȸ ִ° ´. 'Ŵ ȯ'̴.

" ѷ ȸ ( embedded )Ǿ ִٰ ϴ ߴ. ϴ ںǸ ư Ϸ Ư ȸ ʿϴٰ ޴. ư Ư ü ȿ Ÿ ǰ ȯǵ ȸ 㰡ؾ Ѵٴ ̴. ϰ 'ȯ(transformation)' ̴. ״ 'Ŵ ȯ' ȸ ܵ 뵿 忡 ŷǾ ǰ Ģ ٸ '㱸 ǰ' 'ȯ'Ű  ￴ Ѵ."

Ŵ ȯ װ  濡 å ο ξ Ѵ. ô εó ϴ  ι ߸ ٲ ִ° ߰ ˷ ߴ.

ش ں Ǵ ü. ߸̾ٴ ̴. ںп ߴ Ŵ ȯ Ѵ.

" Ŀս(commons, ) ڿ ķ . , ʸ ߴ. غڿԴ ý̾. ̰ ٷ 'Ŵ ȯ' ̴. 𰡿 ġ űٴ װ ľϰ ȸ װ  Ģ ϴ ̴. ĿӴ(ȭ) Ģ ٺ ںǿ 縳 . ϴ ȭ ϳ ǰ Żߴ. ᱹ ׵鿡 , 뵿 ۿ . ᱹ Ŭ ӱ̶ ο ź߰" 뵿̶ ǰ ź߰ ں ־.

" Ϸ װ տ »ȭ ȸ ʿϴ. ȸ ̴. Ÿ ġ ٸ ̴ ϵ ϴ 'ڿ' ʴ. ڿ Ǹ Ϳ ݹ߷ İ Ǿ. ġ ش ǿ ߴ. 19 '̾' ڶ ִ ̾. ٲ ο а ϴ ȸ ִٸ ̷ ߴ. ׷ ̷ ٲپ ϴ. ù ° ︲ ̷ ä뿡 Ǹ ѷ ȸ ̾. ̶ ״ ġ ٽ̶ ޾Ҵ. ι° þ ˿ װ ϴ Ź ʹ ̾. ġ ȸ ٽ̶ ϰԲ ̷ ǵ̾."

Ǵ û ġ ׸ ȸ Ұм ̴. 'Ŵ ȯ' ٽ ַп ϴ ó ڱϰ(self-regulating) ٴ ̴. ٴ뱹 ̴ ݴ뵵 Ѵ. ں Ϸ ۵ϱ Ŀ Ƿ ȸ ؾ߸ ϴ.

׷ ¿ ؼ 뵿 ǰ 뵿 ǰ Ǿ߸ ں Ŀ ۵ ִ. ׷ ߵ 뵿 Ư ǰ̴. ϴ Ư̶ '㱸(fictitious)'̶ Ѵ. 㱸 ǰ 뵿 ǰ Ƿ ( 뵿̶) ȸ Ҹ Ģ ϵ ؾ߸ Ѵ(subordinate[s] the substance of society itself to the laws of the market. ()

׷ ׷ ȸ ̴. 19 ֱ ݺǾ Ȳ ̴. ȸ ڽ ȣϱ 忡 ۿ . ϴ ȸ couter movement θ.

" 뵿 Ÿ ֵ ٲ Ǹ Ż ʿ޴. ̰ ù° ̴. ι°  ڱ ó ġϷ ȸκ ̴. ׸  ȸ Ʋȿ Ͼ." ù°  ġ̾ ι°  ġ̴. ϴ ߿ п ȸ ׸ ġ иؼ ַ ؼ ͼ Ϸ ۿ Ұ .

19 Ĺ Ȳ ۿ ȣǷ ȸϰ ׿ ̴.

"The epicenter of the protectionist coutere-movement was newly created Imperial Germany. When the slump of 1873-79 hit Germany, Chancellor Bismarck believed as strongly as any of his contemporaries in the self-regulating powers of market mechanisms. Ironically, he found consolation in the world-wide scope of the depression and waited patiently for the slump to hit the bottom. However, when this occured in 1876-77, he realized that the verdict of the market on the viability of the German state and of German society was too harsh to take and that, moreover, the slump ahd created unique oppurtunities for the continuation of his state-making endeavors by other means. the spread of unemployment, labor unrest, and socilaist agitation; the persistence of the industrial and commercial slumps; plummeting land values; and, above all, a crippling fiscval crisis of the Reich - all combined to induce Bismarck to intervene in protection fo German society lest the ravages of the self-regulating market destory the imperial edifice he had just built." (Ƹ)

ϰ ̶ ҷ ݺ ر ؼȴ. ݺ ý ر Ȳ ۿ̾ ̱ ׿ ̴.

"ϰ ϴ ڱ ȭ Ѻ ޸ ȸ ̴ ư ʴ´. ׷ ڱ ȮǷ ȸ ΰ ̶ ȭ θ ĵ ʿ䰡 ִ.

ñ⿡ ȭ ϰ 巯. ᱹ д װ ι ٸ ü ر ̾ ִ. ںǴ ڱ ɷ ִ ѵ ̻ θ . ȸ ߴ. ׷ 븶һ 'ʹ ū ſ ȸ ȸ ִ' Ѵ."

׷ ׷ ȭ ʿ ϱ? ڴ ںп ã´. ں Ư¡ ̶ Ҵ. ߱ ߱ " Ž ϵ 浿Ѵ." ̷ ں Ư¡ ȣ ڳ ǿ ¾ƶ. ϴ ̱̰ ո ȣ ڳ ǿ ã´ٸ Ȯϰ н ҽÿн ̴. ׸ ൿ Ȯ ׷ϴٰ ڴ Ѵ.

"  ݿ ȣ ڳ ؾ ̴. 꿡 ԵǴ Ҹ ִ 忡 ƹ ǵ ոΡ, չ̵ ҹ̵ ̴."

ݻȸ ΰ ȸ 볳 ʴ´. ׷Ƿ ׷ ȣ ڳ 翬 ʿϴ. װ ̸ ոȭϱ ȭ ʿϴٰ ڴ Ѵ.

־Դ. ׷ ȣ ڳ ο ̴. ڰ ϵ ȸ и Ͱ и ̴ ΰ? .

"1000ųιͿ ϴ Űź ؾȼ õ ڿ ϰ ִ. 18 ̻ ұԸ 踦 ̾Դ. ׷ 10 ȹ ް Ҹ ް ִ. ȹ 70-80% ϸ鼭 ƶ ؾ ƿ ä, ߴ. ⵿ ƹ ٷԴ ۽ ΰ?

ε ΰ ҵ ̷ ɿ ܱ ƮѼ ȭ߱ ̶ Ѵ. ƮѼ ε ޸ ū ٴٸ 㳷 ִ. 3ųιͿ ϴ ø. ƮѼ ȹ 忡 ġ ִ 10%̰ 90% .

Űź ؾ Ž彺 ſ Ǵ ƴϴ. Ʒ ʱ ȭ(Ŭ)ؿԴ. ڽ ٰŸ ı . Űź ͼ ٸ ٴٷ ׸̴. ׷ 踦 ؿ ο ִ dz ٴٶ .

20 Ը ȯ и θ ü ƴϴ. Ʈ 츲 ̸ ȯ ں , Ӿ, ̸ . Ʈ Ͼ äϱ? װ μ ǥ ġ ˸鼭 ں Եν ܱ ֺ 踦 ΰ ǰ ڽ ϴ ڷ ϱ ̴."

⿡ ڿ ' ' ϴ. ׷ ڴ ߸ ̷̶ Ѵ. Ϸ Ư ¾ƾ ϱ ̴. ڰ ȣ ڳ, ̾  ǰ ڽ ͸ ϴ, ȸ ࿡ ع ڰ Ǿ߸ ȴٰ ڴ Ѵ.

п ؿ ó å иϵ ̴. ׷ ʿ Űź 忡 ưٰ ڴ Ѵ.

ؼ ϴ ŭ ִٴ ǹ ʴ´. ( ̷ ) ϵ ó ִ ƴϸ ſ ׷ ʾҴ. ü Ģ ° ǿ ü (commoning) ޴. Ǹ ȭ ƴ϶ ѷ Ƿ ȭ޴. ٽ İ Ǹ ϴ ̾. ء̶ ܾ ̷ Ѵٸ Ǹ â Ҿ ۵Ǵ ƴ϶ Ʒ Ǵ ı ۵ȴ.

ڰ ϴ ܺȿ ִ. ٽ Űź 忡 Ͼ ȸ ϸ ܺȿ̴. ܺȿ Ŀ̶ ׹ ɸ ʰ ̴. Űź Ǵ Ų ʴ´. ͸ ŵΰ ̴. ر ڿ ڵ ġ ̴. 200޷ ƴ 5޷ ִ ͵ 195޷ ܺȿ ȸ δϱ ̸ ı, ִ ° 񽺿 ս, , ĺȭ ȫ  ʴ ܺȿ̴.

ڴ ̷ ܺȿ ٺ Ŭ ٰ Ѵ. ġ ʰ ȸ δϵ ִ , ܺȿ ִ ִ ڷκ ұ ϴٰ Ѵ. ϰ ϵ ٺ ܺȿ, Ǵ ġ̶ ̴.

 ڿ ̿ ִ 󸶳 ִ ȭ  . 忡 ׷ . ִ ݰ ణ Ÿ Ʒ ִ. ̷ ϴ ý ٷ ںǴ.

پ 屸 ǰ ŷϴ ҷμ η ؿ ̴. ׷ ó 屸 ŷ ƴ϶ ߱ ŷ Ư¡ٴ ſ ٸ. ȸ ϴ ֻ ߱ϵ Ƶδ ̰ ּȭ ۵Ѵٴ ƴ϶ ̵÷α⿡ Ұϴ. ۵ϴ ִ ڵ鿡 . ̷ Ͼ ġߴٴ 츮 ̴. ġ ˷ ̶ ߸ ӿ ̴.


4.5

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